THE CIVILISATIONAL MANIFESTATION OF ISLAMIC THOUGHT: BAYT AL-HIKMA

Abstract

This article aims to explore the foundation process, content, and lasting impact of Bayt al-Hikma, one of the first systematic scientific institutions of the Islamic world. The initial part of the study focuses on the intellectual background and historical process that influenced the Abbasid caliphs in establishing Bayt al-Hikma. Particularly, the Abbasid caliphs’ support for science and knowledge, along with their guiding role, was one of the primary factors behind the institution’s success. The study highlights how Bayt al-Hikma evolved over time as a reflection of the policies implemented by these caliphs. In this context, it is observed that the continuity of scientific advancements was not solely dependent on individual efforts but also on an encouraging state policy. Scholars, translators, and their works within the institution have been examined. The study further observes how the translated and original works served as fundamental sources for many intellectuals, contributing to the enrichment and advancement of Islamic sciences. The Islamic world experienced one of its most intellectually vibrant periods during this era. When assessing the Abbasid dynasty, which ruled between 750 and 1258, and the contributions of Bayt al-Hikma to the Islamic world, it becomes evident that the frequently used term “Dark Ages” provides an incomplete and misleading depiction of the medieval period. The research also examines how the decline of Bayt al-Hikma was triggered by the Abbasid caliphs’ decreasing interest in the institution, rising political tensions, and ongoing wars. Finally, it is established that Bayt al-Hikma played a crucial role in preserving numerous works from ancient civilisations. The study seeks to demonstrate how translation activities became a systematic practice under the Abbasid state.