ANALYSIS OF THE ARTUQIDS ARCHITECTURE EFFECTS ON ANATOLIAN MOSQUE TYPOLOGY

Abstract

Turks settled in Anatolia after the battle of Malazgirt in 1071 and established various principalities
in these lands. One of these principalities was Artuqid. The art and architecture of Artuqid began in
the Southeastern Anatolia Region and the presence of the Artuqids served as a bridge reflecting the
cultural influence of Syria and Iran on the Anatolian lands. At that time, they also demonstrated
their political and economic power gained with their religious, educational, health, transportation,
trade and defense structures. The mosque and madrasah building types built during the Artuqid
Principality period have an important place in terms of the development of early Anatolian Turkish
Mosque architecture.
The study consists of two stages. In the first stage, the data collection method was used and the
Harput Ulu Mosque, Mardin Ulu Mosque, Silvan Ulu Mosque, which are important structures of
Artuqid period, were evaluated in terms of space arrangement, plan, structural system and material.
In the second stage, the tracing method was used and the effects of Artuqid architecture features on
the Anatolian lands starting from the Seljuks on the Ottoman Empire and even on the mosques of
the Republic period were investigated. As a result, it was observed that architectural features such
as the emergence of the hospital (darüşşifa) structures, the plan type with open courtyard, the
development of the dome in front of the mihrab, the rectangular planned with transverse
development in harim and the emergence of double minarets were used for the first time or with
emphasis. It is thought that this study, which investigates the architectural criteria that emerged in
the Artuklu period buildings, which established an important link between the past and the present
and took an important place in the social memory, will make an important contribution to the
literature and will guide future studies.